In a significant decision this week, European Parliament members voted 355 to 247 to reserve product terms including "burger" and "sausage" exclusively for meat products.
Should the measure is implemented, common plant-based items such as plant-based burgers, tofu steak, and vegetable schnitzel may have to be renamed throughout European Union markets.
However, before the ban to take effect, it must gain support from a majority of the EU's 27 countries, which remains far from certain.
Supporters contend that consumers need clear information and while traditional names must exclusively refer to products derived from animals.
"A steak and sausages are products from our livestock: not laboratory art nor vegetable sources," stated French MEP Céline Imart.
Critics, led by environmental lawmakers, called the move unnecessary restriction.
"Plant-based burgers, seitan schnitzel and tofu sausage do not confuse consumers, only certain lawmakers," said Austrian lawmaker Thomas Waitz.
The isn't the first attempt to control these terminology. EU lawmakers voted down a similar prohibition in 2020.
The French government earlier enacted a national restriction on meat terms for plant-based foods in recent years, but the European court of justice determined it illegal under European legislation in this year.
Major German supermarkets such as Aldi and Lidl object to the measure, warning that changing familiar names would confuse shoppers.
Advocacy organizations cite surveys indicating that most shoppers understand these names as long as items are clearly identified as vegan.
"Nearly seventy percent of shoppers recognize the terminology as long as products are clearly marked plant-based," noted Irina Popescu, a consumer officer at BEUC.
This legislative measure now requires review by EU member states, where it must secure broad support to become law.
Given the mixed views within both politicians and the general population, the outcome of the proposal is still unclear.
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